Pin-tumbler lock.



C F. KOHLBERGER.

PIN TUMBLER LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED Aus. 5. 1913.

1,1 35,027. Patented Apr. 13, 1915.

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PIN TUMBLER LOCK. APPucAnon FILED Aus. l5. |913.

Patented Apr. 13, 1915.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

C. F. KOHLBERGER.

PIN TUMBLER LOCK.

Armcmou FILED Aue. l5. |913.

1,135,027. Patented Apr. 13, 1915.

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PIN-Tuinman Loox.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 13, 1915'.

appmauon'mea August 1s, ma. semi no. 784,114.3.

To all 'whom 'it may concern Be it known that I, CHARLES F. Korn.- Bnacnn, a citizen of the United States, reslding in New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pin-Tumbler Locks, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide a lock of moderate cost and adapted to general use which shall be practically impossible to pick, as safe as many of the costly combination locks now used; which 1s adapted to be operated by a key-series comprising a plurality of change-keys and 1f desired a master-key or a lock-out-key, or both; whose permutations are so arranged that when locked with the master-key or lock-out-key it cannot be unlocked by any changekey but when locked with any change-key it can be unlocked by the masterkcy; and when locked with an particular change-key it cannot be unloc ed by any other change-key.

My invention may be generally described as comprising a lock case and bolt constructed and operable as is usual in pintumbler locks, and a tumbler-stock, which might be of any convenient form and mode of connection with the lock case and the object to be locked, but is preferably a I'ianged cylinder connected in the usual modes, and therein, in one diametral plane, an eccentrically located key-barrel 4enveloped in a sleeve; and a change-barrel or combination transformer; and a series of tubular tumbler pockets which extend into the rkey-barrel, and thence through the sleeve, change-barrel and stock, and are each closed by a plug in the usual manner, after the insertion of a multiple-part pin tumbler, and a spring. The key-, and change-barrels are geared to` gather, preferably so that one revolution of the former causes a half revolution of the latter.

The cylindrical members and tumblers make four locking shears, viz; the key-barrel and sleeve form one, the sleeve and stock another, and the stock and change barrel forni two, one on the outward and one on the inward limb of said barrel. Any or all of these shears may be used in a locking combination.

Each tumbler comprises a pointed leader, a plurality of cylindrical permutation members or permuters, a follower, and a plurality of discoid balllers. The permuters of atumbler are adapted by their respective lengths to a set, by half revolutions of the change-barrel, in a series of locking combinations, which, in a master-key lock, are all unlockable by a master-key but none unlockable by more than one change-key or by any change-key other than the particular key with which the lock was locked and the combination set, and which, in a lock-outkey lock, are unlockable by change-keys with which the are locked but by no others and not unlocrable by any change-key when locked with the lock-out key.

My lock will prove to be ideal for hotels and apartment houses, where the manager ma keep the master-key and be able to unloc r any room under any circumstances and to lock it so that no person can unlock it without the master-key; and the changekeys can be given out, one at a time, in series, with the certainty that if one be not returned the room can be unlocked with the masterkey, and subsequently another change-key can be issued to the next guest with thc certainty that the rom cannot be unlocked by the ossessor of the unreturned key or a copy ci? it; and the lock need not be re-tumblered until all the change-keys have been issued and not returned. My lock will be very useful in homes and business places; where a door, as for example the door of a vault, store-room, or strongbox, may be locked with a particular changekey and that key intrusted to an employee, and subsequently the door may be locked with the master or lock-out, or a different change-key,v with the certaint that it cannot be unlocked with the first-issued changekey or a copy of it.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an axial section with the key removed and the tumblers extended, Fig. 2 a back view and Fig. 3 a transverse section through tumbler 2. Fig. l is a diagram illustrating the operation of a sequence-series change-tumbler. Figs. 5 to 10 inclusive are axial sections, illustrating the operation of reset change-tumblers with different keys, Figs. 5, G and 7 illustrating change-key functions, and Figs. 8, 9 and 10 master or lock-out key functions.

In the practice of my invention I provide a cylindrical stock 6 having a setting facellange 6 to properly locate it in a door-style or elsewhere, and suitable means, not illustrated, for securing it and connecting it with a bolt-housing lock-casing; and in its back an eccentrically located cylindrical gear-recess 6" for the accommodation of a gearing, to be described. Preferably axially in the stock I bore a change-barrel pocket, 6 and exterior and parallel thereto a key-barrel opening 6, with a throat 6d, of smaller diameter and slightly retired from the stock-face to leave a shouldered recess 6; and in the diametral plane of the change-barrel pocket and key-barrel opening 6 and 6k I bore a plurality of tumbler pockets 6*, which extend from the opening 6k through the stock 6 and are closed by plugs 14, in the usual manner.

In the change-barrel pocket t'c I locate a cylindrical change-barrel or combination transformer 7 having a spur gear 7 fixed on its stem and transverse tumbler bores coinciding and adapted to register with the tumbler pockets 6. In the key-barrel opening 6k, I locate a key-barrel 8 which fits the throat 6d and contains a diametral key-slot 8k and a plurality of tumbler-bores 81 extending through the back of the barrel into and nearly to the key-slotlips and coinciding and adapted to register with the tumbler pockets 6r, as illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3; and having a face-head 8h and a back spur gear 8"; and behind said gear a dog, 8d. The gear 8b meshes with gear 7 on the change-barrel 7 and has half as many teeth, so that one revolution of the key-barrel causes a half-revolution of the changebarrel. A sleeve 9, lits the key-barrel opening 6k, envelops the key-barrel 6, extends from the throat 6d to the face of the gear-recess 6b and has, in one limb of its wall, an axial series of radial bores which coincide and are adapted to register with the key tumbler pockets 6. The revoluble members are secured by the engagement of the head 8h of the key-barrel with the recessed face about the throat (5i and the disk of the dog 8d with the backs of the stock 6 and change-gear 7.

In the tumbler pockets Gt, I locate a series of multiple-part tumblers respectively characterized 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 and each independently advanceable by a spring 1G.

Each tumbler comprises a pointed leader 11, a follower 12, and a plurality of cylindrical permuters of varied lengths; and may also comprise discoid baliiers b or false incisions, made by encircling the tumbler with grooves to represent partings, or both.

For convenience of description I designate the locking shears as follows: u, the shears formed by the key-barrel and its sleeve; fu, the shears formed by the sleeve and the stock; the near shears formed by the stock and change-barrel; y, the far shears formed by the stock and change-barrel.

In order that the look may be operated,

change-barrel should exceed the thickness of the stock wall between it and the sleeve and said wall thickness should equal or exceed the maximum tumbler-stroke.

In a lock having bellies in a tumbler the distance from the key-slot to shear fu (or to shear u) should equal or exceed the maxi mum tumbler lift.

In order that the key-barrel 8 may, with some keys, revolve independently of, and with others revolve with its sleeve 9, the tumblers must comprise, adjacent thereto, -relatively short permuters or sections.

Because the change-barrel 7 must be revolved whenever the lock is operated, all the tumblers, adjacent thereto, must comprise either a permuter Whose length equals the diameter of the change-barrel, like that of 1 ofthe tumbler 1, or a number of permuters the aggregate length of two or more of which equal that diameter, as illustrated in the drawings.

I illustrate three types of tumblers, viz (a) Simple tumblers like 1, whose combinations are a bailie against picking but which cannot be changed because its permuter 1a is of length equal to the diameter of the changebarrel and must always be therein when the lock is operated (because the tumbler stroke is shorter than said diameter or because the length of any other permuter or combination thereof does not equal said diameter) (b) Key-change tumblers, like 2, 3, 4 and 5 each adapted to change its own combination by a half-revolution of the change-barrel; and (c) Shear-change or reaction tumblers like 5 normally inoperative as locking members when fully extended and before their combination have been changed by operating them with keys adapted for that purpos'e, because division planes thereof then coincide with all the shear lines; illustrated as but not necessarily located interior to the other tumblers and beyond the reach of short keys of the key-series, and, because of their division as aforesaid, not adapted to limit the normal use of short keys, which cannot operate or change the combination of said tumbler; but adapted for full length keys and therewith to change the combination, and the operative locking shear from that of u to that of 'v or vice-versa. Such tumblers add to the number of possible keys but do not give security against unlocking by shorter keys until changed by the transformer, but their presence to the number of tumblers operated.

Tumblers of type a or simple tumblers, like 1, comprise a leader 11, a permuter l (whose length equals the diameter of the change-barrel) a follower, 12, and false incisions or discoid bafiles, illustrated as b, not thicker than the wall of the sleeve 9 and interposed in series between the leader and permuter and the permuter and the follower. All tumbler-sections not actually operating as locking members also act as baflies.

All keys must lift tumblers like 1, to the same position because, if it be in any other possible position, its permuter, l will extend either across shear or shear y and lock the lock by locking the change-barrel and stock.

Tumblers of type b like 2, 3, 4 and 5 comprise a leader 11, a follower 12; a plurality of permuters z', j, m, n, 0 etc. which may be of different lengths but of such lengths that series thereof total a length equal to the diameter of the change-barrel in order that when a tumbler is lifted by a key such a series may lie therein with parting planes coinciding with its shears-:v and y; and it may be, plug-like or discoid sections interposed between the leader and permuters and the permuters and the follower; and some sections 13 between the permuters and the leader may be of such a length and so divided that, according to the distance the permuter is key-lifted, they shift the opera'- tive locking shear between u and o by locking together the key-barrel and sleeve or the sleeve and stock.

Tumbiers of type c are lock-out or keyseries-changing tumblers and inactive in the normal uses of the lock, and are generally like tumblers of class b.

'hile simple tumblers of class a and inactive tumblers of class c do not add to the effectiveness of any particular lock of this type as against a person who knows the location in that lock of the simple and inactive tumblers, they greatly add to its security against persons who lack such knowledge; because the simple tumbler 1 and the inactive tumbler 5 can be located anywhere in the tumbler-series, and the keys correspondingly formed; and because the five tumblers can be arranged in one hundred and twenty dili'erent orders, I can, with live similarly divided sets of tumblers, make one hundred and twenty different locks.

No locking tumbler sections can be etlective if too thin to make substantial engagements on both sides of the locked shears; and the wall of the sleeve must be thick enough to make a substantial locking engagement with a tumbler section, or at least half as thick as the shortest locking tumbler section; but for convenience it is made is misleading as that have to be tions wlth it in its revolutions.

In order to make series of locks, each lock with its particular key-series, as above described, it is essential that the change-barrel be long enough to be pierced by all tumblers and large enough in diameter and the stock body between it and the sleeve thick enough to contain the tumbler sections neoessar to make practicable the possible combinatlons or as many of them as it is desired to utilize in a particular lock series.

Because the locking sections of the tumblers must engage the shear elements by shoulders wide enough to be lasting, it follows that the practical width of such a. shoulder is the basis of the lock calculations.

In order that the unlocking partings of the several change-tumblers may be most effectively located, no two partings, when they are in their primary extended arrangement, should lie in the same plane; and the number of practicable parting planes should exceed the product of the number of changetumblers multiplied by the number of shears. These considerations determine the most effective lift of key, thickness of keybarrel back and of intermediate stock-wall, and diameter of change-barrel.

The sleeve 6k is thin, so as to economize space but thick enough to revolve containing in its bores the axially shortest permuter or locking-tumbler sections or two bailles, b, if they be made as thin as practicable and, like the change barrel, it is made long enough to be pierced by all tumblers so that the same tumblers can be rearranged to make different locks.

The drawings illustrate a lock substantially so proportioned.

Keg series and permuter erica-The key and permuter series of any lock must correspond. Master-key locks must be unlockable by their master-key after being locked by any change key, and safe against a change-key after being locked by any other; and lock-out locks must be safe against charligekeys after being locked by the lockout ey.

The permuters of change-tumblers in a lock can be arranged in one of several kinds of series, as for example:

1. Reset series in which, when the lock has been locked with a change-key and series of its permuters thereby inverted it must be unlocked with a like key which will reset the permuters in their original order and make it ready for operation by another key. The sections illustrate series of this kind, which is best adapted to small locks, because it is diiiicult to apply so as to make locks operable with a numerous key-series.

2. Sequence series, in which, when a lock has been locked with a change-key and series of its permuters thereby inverted, un-

locking it with the masterke will set the permuters in a new order a apted to another change-key.

The drawings illustrate permuters whose lengths have a common divisor.

In each tumbler its permuters are located in and adjacent to the change-barrel; they must be in such series that the insertion of the proper change-key or of the master-key will retract them so that permuter partings will coincide with the change-barrel shears and y and another tumbler parting or partings either with shear u or fu or with both. Because the master-key retracts the tumblers through fixed distances and must always locate partings at shear lines it follows that each tumbler must embody recurring permuters i, j, or ermuters of equal thickness, which respectively either always lie in the change-barrel when it is revolved, or replace or are replaced by other like permuters. The recurring tumblers j have another important property, namel that of compensating, by being made o different lengths, for changes in the permuter unitlength, on which the permuters are based. The lock is much safer if the unit-lengths vary in the several tumblers; and such vari-Y ations are easily made by correspondingly varying the length of the recurring permuters j, which may therefore be termed compensating permuters.

Fig. 4 illustrates, diagrammatically, 'a change-tumbler of the second, or sequenceseries type and its successive and dilferent ositions in the operation of the lock with a lieyseries of live change-keys and a masterkey. The change-barrel is thirteen lines in width. Column A represents the combination set for the first change-key, A, and comprising a permuter j, four lines in axial dimensions, a permuter i adjacent to j, of one line, and permuters of two lines, one m above and one t below z', two permuters each oi one line s and a below t and permuters z, n, o, and e below 1'. The bales b and leader 11, succeed these permuters; and the follower, 12 and spring 10 are above or interior to the permuters. The change-key A liftsfone line. The master-key lifts three lines. The change-key B lifts five lines. The change-key C lifts seven lines. In col. A the change-barrel is locked by the follower l2 and the permuter z. Col. A* represents key A inserted and the tumbler lifted one line, which causes the partings between the follower 12 and permuter m, and between perniuters 2 and n, to coincide with shears y and zr; and that between the balles b and the plug 13, to coincide with shear u. Completely revolving the key barrel 8 with key A locks the lock, turns the changebarrel 7 over and changes the combination to that illustrated in col. A2 or from the order 12s 'ma j, i t 3v 7': Za "e 0a e t0 12 Z9 "a 3 t is j, m, n, o, e. Suppose key A to be now extracted and lost. The spring extends the tumbler to the position represented in col. Aa and the change-barrel is locked by the follower 12 and the permuter m. T o unlock the lock and restore it to usefulness, the master-key is inserted, the tumbler is lifted three lines to the position represented by column M1 and completely revolving the key-barrel unlocks the lock and turns the change-barrel over and changes the combination from 12, z, 1", e, t, i, j, m, n, 0, e to 12, 2, n., m, j, i, t, s, r, 0, e (col. M2). When the master-key is extracted the tumbler moves out to the osition indicated in col. B. Change-key is now issued, its insertion lifts the tumbler five lines to the position illustrated in col. B1 and its complete revolution revolves the key-barrel, locks the lock, turns the change-barrel over and changes the combination from l2, z, n, m, j, i, t, s, r, o, e to 12, z, n, o, r, s, t, t', j, m, e (col. B2). Then the change-key B is extracted the tumbler is spring advanced to the position shown in col. B3, and the change barrel is locked by the follower 12 and permuter j.

If any person possessing change-key A or a copy of it, Were to try to use it, he would retract the tumbler to the position shown in col. A, which shows the change-barrel locked by permuter If or when changekey B is lost, the lock is unlocked and restored to usefulness and the combination changed, by inserting the master-key, which retracts the tumbler from the position shown in col. B3 to that shown in col. M11; and completely revolving the master-key and key barrel unlocks the lock, turns the change-barrel over (col. M22) and changes the combination from 12, z, n, 0, i', s, t, z', j, m, e to 12, z, j, z', t, s, r, o, n, m, e; and when the master-key is extracted the tumbular is advanced to the position shown in col. C. Change-key C is now issued and when inserted, lifts the tumblers to the position shown in col. C1; and its complete revolution locks the lock, turns the change-barrel over and changes the combination from 12, a, j, i, t, s, 150, n, m, e to 12, 2,9' e, m, n, 0,1', s, v, z', (col. C2) and when key C is extracted, the tumbler advances to the position shown in col. C3, and the change-barrel is locked by the follower 12. If a person possessing a change-key A attempts to unlock the lock with it, its insertion will raise the tumbler to the position illustrated in col. A, and the change-barrel is locked by permuter o. If change-key B be tried, it lifts the tumbler to the position illustrated in col. B and the change-barrel is locked by permuters j and t. )Vlien key C is lost, the master-key is inserted, and lifts the tumbler to the position shown in col. M, and the lock can be unlocked; which will change the combination from 12, 2, j, e, m, n, 0, r, s, t, to 12, z, r, o, n, m, e, j, s, t, z' (col. M32), and when the master-key is extracted the tumbler will advance to the position of col. D. This coinbination cannot be locked by keys A, B or C because it is' held by permuter y when lifted one line by o and t when lifted live lines and by n when lifted seven lines.

Tivo additional change keys D and E can be added to the key series if permuters e and o be split into e and e and o and o D lifting` the tumbler four lines and E six lines. It will be noted that permuter o serves as a locking element in col. A's and never. Ke D will lift the tumbler four lines (col. D1 lock the lock and change the combination from 12, z, 1', o, o', n, m, e, j, s, t, z' to 12, z, r, a, j, e, m, n, o', o, t, i (col. D2) and when key D is extracted the tumbler will advance to the position shown in col. D. This combination is locked against key A by permuter n, against key B by permuter t and against key C by permuter j; but the master-key lifts it to the position of col. L 1 and when completely revolved unlocks the lock and changes the combination from 12, z, r, s, j, e, m, n, o o, t, 1', to 12. 2, o', n, m, e, j, s, 1', o, t, i (col. Mz). lVhen the inaster-key is extracted the tumbler advances to the position of col. E ready for key E, which lifts the tumbler six lines, to the position shown in col. E1 and when given a complete turn locks the lock and changes the combination from 12, z, o', n, m, es j# 8i 7" 0s t: s to L?, zi 0,: n t! 0s 7" 81 j e! m, f (col. E2) which when key is extracted advances to the position of col. E3; and the lock is locked against key A by tumbler j, against key B by tumbler n, against key C by tumbler t but not against key l): and if pernuter o be split to admit key l) to the series, key C does not lock against key A (note col. A5). Cols. MIn and M52 show the lock subsequently unlocked by the master-key.

It appears that the above described sequence series of permuters is perfect, that is to say each change-key locks against all other change-keys, when the series embraces the master and three change-keys; and that to extend the series to include additional ke'vs, as D and E strains it and makes it imperfect in that certain keys will not lock as against certain other keys. If the lock had only one change-tumbler, this criticism would apply in so far that it would not be safe to issue a key (as E, C in a strained series) until reasonably sure of the total disappearance of a prior key. as A, which would unlock after ke)r C if permuter o were split (col. A). But this criticism does not apply to locks having a plurality of change-tumblers because a great number of absolutely safe combinations can be made among the locking combinations of the several change-tumblers, the unsafe combinations of one tumbler being combined with safe combination of another.

Any number of tumblers with different permuters, similar in combining power to that just described, can be embodied in a lock. They should vary, in different tumblers, in the axial dimension of their permuters, or in the location of the parting planes thereof, compensatingly changing the length of perinuter j. Such locks can have key series as extensive as may' be desired, equaling the number of change-key formations of the tumblers and the combinations thereof. The master-key formations cannot be factors in such calculations, being necessarily reserved for master-keys. Two such tumblers would yield ten change-keys for the tumblers separately and change-keys combining them, or a key series of one master and fifty five change-keys; while three such tumblers would yield fifteen ehange-keys for the tumblers separately,

chang -keys for the pairs and tumblers combined in for them combined in threes, of a master and six hundred change keys.

The drawings illustrate a five tumbler lock with the simple tumbler 1 whose perimiter l is of a length equal to the changebarrel diameter, and which must be lifted always to the same height and then locates partings at both the shears u and lv. By cutting a sleeve-wall thickness olf the perinuter l* I can adapt it to lock one and unlock the other of these shears, derive two keylifts from it, combine them with those of the cliange-tumblers and thereby greatly increase the number of change-keys in the key-series; While by making it a regular change-tumbler, I would increase the possible numbers of change-keys to upward of six thousand. It is obvious that I can make my locks with change-keys so numerous as to insure that the lock will never need to be re-tumblered because it will be worn out before all the cange-keys are lost.

So far I have described only the unlocking function, in sequence with the chan e-keys, of the master-key. In order to enab e it` or a lock-out key without such unlocking functions, to lock the lock against all changekeys, or against them and different masterkeys of a master-key series, according to the or a key-series and sixty six construction of the lock, I introduce a master-key tumbler, which may be tumbler 5, or a change-tumbler, which latter would enable me to have a series of master-keys each of which would unlock after any change-key, but not after a differently-formed masterkey, so that master-keys also could be issued and used in series.

In the simpler (but equally costly) form, adapted for a single master-key the tumbler (as 5), when extended, locates partings at shears u and '12,' and when not locked with the master-key also locates partings atshears and y, so that it is inactive; but when locked with the master-key its permuters are inverted and rearranged so that when extended, it locks one or both the change-barrel shears, w, y, and thus is changed into an active tumbler with its own key-series.

In every key-series, all the change-keys must be alike with respect to the master tumbler and invert those of its permuters located in the change-barrel by the'inseition of any change-key without changing the combination of said permuter; which is equivalent to saying that at such times the master-tumbler permuters adjacent to the shears and 1/ must be axially equal. This condition is illustrated in col. M2, M22, M32, M", of Fig. 4.

In the diagram I show tumbler partings adjacent to and adapted to eo-act with the shears u and 'v and generally separated by a distance equal to the axial dimension of the permuters m, n, o, etc. or by the difference in the lifts of successive keys, so that one such lparting serves for two keys of the series; a rey of less lift retracting the tumbier parting to shear u and locking shear i: and the key of next higher lift locking shear u and lifting the parting to shear fv.

W'hen I use a four-key series with key lifts of one, three` five and seven lines, a line may equal the least practicable shoulderwidth: but when I strain the series by adding keys and make the key lifts 1, 3, 4, 5` 6 and 7, as illustrated in the full diagram Fig. 4. the lines must equal two least practicable shoulder-widths.

If I use equal gears to connect the keybarrel 8 and change barrel 7 the lock is thereby changed to a lock of permanent cornbinations, because a key-barrel revolution would cause a change-barrel revolution and the permnters located in the barrels would be complpetelv revolved and therefore not changed. every time a lock so geared was locked and every time it was unlocked. I may furnish a pair of like gears and a pair of unlike gears with niv locks so that the. user may` b v changing the gears of his lock, convert it from a key-series to a simplefunction lock whenever he desires to do so.

A novel feature of my invention is the mode of combining the key-barrel with its gling their leaders.

gear 8" and dog 8". To this end the key slot 8k is cut clear through the barrel interior to the tumblers and I provide a tongue 82, ut svavay for the key point and having a The gear 8b and dog 8" are slotted for the tongue 82, which is forced into them and riveted. lnazed or welded into the dog; and as assembled` the tongue is forced into and completel fills the interior end of the keyslot and t 1e parts are united by screws 81.

rlhe discontinuous, iexible, geared connection between the key-barrel and changebarrel, together with the multiple partings of, and the introduction of the baiiles b 1n the tumblers, renders it impossible for any one .to detect, bv feeling, their unlocking partlngs. In order to do so one would have to turn the key-barrel and change-barrel suiciently to cause them to press against and tend to shear the tumbler sections and at the same time to introduce an instrument into the key slot and severally lift the tumblers far enough to cause the pressure thereupon to be relieved. This is manifestly impossible for several reasons; viz: Firstly, the tumblers are discontinuous and their interior sections cannot be wiggled by wig Secondly, the tumbler leader is separated by baflles and permuters from the lockingr sections and is loose in the key-barrel and to Wiggle it can convey no idea whatever of the locations or locking partings of its other sections. Thirdly, if the tumbler be retracted until a parting coincides with a shear, such parting or a succeeding one is an inoperative parting; and will prevent the location in any manner, of the interior partings, and fourthly, the main securing member has two shears and there are a plurality of tumblers cach adapted to have one or more inoperative parting pass each shear, and ifthly, and principally, the connection between the key-barrel and change-barrel is discontinuous and flexible (to a certain degree) because it is a geared connection and the gears are made with as much baek-lash as the case admits of to the end that. in case any one attempts to pick the lock, the key-barrel will pinch and begin to shear the tumblers before the gears can take up their baelelash and begin to aii'ect the change-barrel.

The sections illustrate change-tumblers of the reset type, with fewer divisions than those already described. As originally assembled (Fig. 1) tumbler 3 is illustrated with a compensating permuter y', of nine lines (using the same unit lengths as in the preceding case) and one inward and two outward permuters of two lines each; tumhler 4 with a compensating permuter j, of five lines, and adjacent permuter of four lines; tumbler 2 with a compensating permuter, j, of live lines, an inward permuter Obviously of two and one of six lines and outward ermuters, one of six and one of two lines.

umbler 5, which is normally inactive, has a compensating permuter j of one line, inward permutei's successively four, six, and two lines and outward ones of two six and four lines. Every change-series in these peimutcrs must total thirteen lines, the diameter of the change-barrel, in order to be revoluble with it. herefore tumbler 3 has two operable lifts, the less, which locates its compensating permuter j centrally in the change-barrel with a small' permuter to each side and which, when reversed, does not change the combination; and the greater, which locates one small permuter above, permuter in the top of and two small ones in the ottoni of the change-barrel and when reversed locates all the small pcr'muters above j and forms a combination which no key of different lift can unlock. two such keys are, the rst a change and the second a master or lock-out key. Tumbler 4 operates similarly except that its lifts are greater as does tumbler 2 with the exception that its permuters are never symmetrical.

Fig. 5 illustrates a change-key inserted and the tumblers lifted therewith, Fi 6 illustrates them changed by locking the ock therewith and Fig. 7 illustrates the insertion of another change-key which cannot operate the lock as so rearranged.

Tumbler 5 is normally inactive because, when it is extended, partings coincide with all the shears u, 1J, :v and y. It will be operated only by master or lock-out keys of a first-used key-series, whose change-keys will not retract it. Its permuters in normal arrangement are two, six, four, one, two six and four lines. 4

Locking the lock with a change-key changes this order to one, four, six, two, two,\six and four; and resetting the combination for a. succeeding change-key restores it to the original order. But the masy lock-out keys,

l most purposes,

ter 0r lock-out key retracts the tumbler 5 (Fig. 8) and locking it with such a key changes its permuter order to two, two, one, four, six, six, and four (Fig. 9); or two, six, six, two, one, four, four; oi' two, six, four, four, six, two, one, according to the key-lift; for there may be three master or any of which will lock out all different keys. When arranged in either of its change-orders, tumbler 5 will lock against all the previously referred to change-keys because. as illustrated in Fig. 10, when the master-key is extracted tumbler 5 extends a pcrmuter across shear The above described permuter series yields a key-series sufficiently numerous for although less numerous than that first described.

The use of the sleeve 9 enables me to greatly increase the key-series, without making tumbler 1 a change tumbler, by shortening its permuter' 1'? a sleeve-wall thickness; in which case I can lock either witlishear u or shear key-lifts for tumbler 1, which, added to the total key-lifts, greatly increases their combining power anc the possible key-series.

The sleeve 9 renders it racticall impossible to p y because, if a persucceed in locating partings in along one shear, as u, and of the key-barrel, he would very soon encounter the resistance of tumblers locking shear a." or y or both, and in moving the tumblers to avoid such a difiiculty he would lock both shears u and o and have to begin again; and the same is true with respect to any other shear. Moreover, introducing the sleeve-partings in the combining parting-series vastly increases the possible number of parting combinations among which a lock-picker mustlo- ,cate the change-key combination or one of the master-key combinations, which will open it.

It will be observed that the diameter of the change-barrel is substantially equal to the mean radius of the changearrel and sleeve; and as the change-barrel is revolved at half the angular speed of the key-barrel (and of the sleeve, when the latter revolves) the circumferential speed of the change-barrel is substantially one-fourth that of the key-barrel and sleeve and such relative speeds reduce the internal wear of my lock cause a lockng-tumbler.to remain loose in shears m and y after it is pinched in shear u or v and,'togetlier with the multiple tumbler partings and the iiexible connection between the key and cliaiige-b.|.s'rrls, due, in a lock such as illustrated, to the back-lash of the gears, renders it impossible for a lock-picker to determine, in any way other than finding an actual unlocking combination, the relations existing between tumbler sections and shears :v and y, formed by the change-barrel and stock.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members. a keyoperable member adapted to be directly connected with a ke former operably connected with said keyoperable member, a multiple-part tumbler including permuting sections of said tumbler adapted to be set in a plurality of orders by said combination-transformer when the lock is successively locked and unlocked or viceversa.

2. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a keyoperable member adapted to be directly opa combination-trans- 1 e and provide two erated by a key, a combination-transformer operably connected with said key-operable member, a multiple-part tumbler includin permuting sections of said tumbler adapte to be set in a plurality of orders by said combination-transformer when the lock is successively locked and unlocked or viceversa, said orders forming different locking combinations.

3. Atumbler lock adapted to be operable and to have its combination changed and set in successive orders by operating it successively with diiierent keys of a key-series and comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a key-operable member adapted to be directl operated with a key, a combination-trans ormer operably connected with said key operable member, a multiple-part tumbler includin diierin permuting sections of said tumb er adapte to be set in a plurality of orders by the combination-transformer when the lock is successively locked and unlocked or viceversa, such orders comprising differing locking combinations severally adapted to be operable by a particular key and inoperable by other keys of said series.

4. A tumbler lock o erable and adapted to be set in different ocking combinations by the alternate use of a master key and change-keys of a key-series and comprising a container adapted to contain ocking members, a key-operable member adapted to be directly operated with a key, a combination transformer operably connected with said key-operable member, a plurality of multiple-part tumblers including `permuting sections comprised in each of sai tumblers and adapted to be set in a series of orders, by said combination-transformer, when the lock is locked and unlocked and vice-versa, one of said orders adapted to be locked with the first change-key of the key series and thereby chan d into a second order which can be unloc ed by such change key and thereb restored to the first named order, lind which can be unlocked with the master 5. A tumbler lock operable and adapted to be set in different locking combinations by the alternate use of a master key and change keys of a key-series and com rising a container adapted to contain loc members, a key-operable member adap to be directly operated with a key, a combinationtransformer operably connected with said key-operable member, a plurality of multiple-part tumblers including rmuting sections comprised in each of sai tumblers and adapted to be set in a series of orders, by said combination-transformer, when the lock is locked and unlocked or vice-versa, one of said orders adapted to be locked with the first change-key of the -key series and thereby changed into a second order which can be unlocked by such change key and therebg restored to the rst named order, and w ich can be unlocked with the master key and thereby changed into a third order which can be locked with the second change key of the key-series and thereby changed into a fourth order which cannot be unlocked with the first change-key but can be unlocked with the second cha e-key and thereby restored to the third or er and can be unlocked by the master key.

6. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a keyoperable member adapted to be directly operated with a key, a combination-transformer operably connected with said keyoperable member a plurality of multiple part tumblers inc uding permuting sections of said tumblers adapted to be set in a plurality of orders b said combination-transformer when the ock is successively locked and unlocked or vice-versa.

7. A tumbler lock comprising a, container adapted to contain locking members, a keyoperable member adapted to be directly operated with a key, a combination-transformeroperably connected with said ke operable member, a plurality of multip e part tumblers including permuting sections of said tumblers adapted to be set in a plurality of orders b said combination-transformer when the ock is successively locked and unlocked or vice-versa, said ke -operable member and transformer adapte to coact with said container and with said tumblers to form different operative combinations as the lock is successively locked and unlocked and the order of said permuting tumbler sections thereb changed.

8. A tumbler lock a apted to be operable and to have its combination changed and set in successive orders by operating it successively with different keys of a key-series and com rising a container adapted to contain locking members, a key-operable member adapted to be directl operated with a key, a combination-trans ormer o rably connected with said key operab e member, a pluralit of multiple part tumblers including di ering permuting sections of said tumblers adapted to be set in a plurality of orders by the combination-transformer when the lock is successivel locked and unlocked or vice-versa, such or ers comprising differin lookin combinations severally adapted to opera le b a particular key and inoperable y other ys of said series.

9. A lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking' members, a key o able member, a locking member, a mu tip e-part tumbler including permu sections of said tumbler adapted to be set in a plurality of orders by said locking member when the lock is successively locked and unlocked.

10. A lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a key o erable member, a locking member, a plura ity of multiplespart tumblers including permuting sections of said tumblers adapted to be set in a plurality of orders by said locking member when the lock is successively locked and unlocked.

11. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a plurality ofmovable locking members adapted to form elements of locking shearsl and a tumbler adapted to extend across said members and thereby to lock the lock and also adapted to be loca-ted in a plurality of unlocking locations relatively to said movable locking members and the shears of which they form elements to permit the movement of said movable locking' members relative to said container.

12. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a plu rality of movable locking members adapted to form elements of locking shears, a. multiple-part tumbler including sections thereof adapted to extend across and lock one or more of such members and thereby to lock the lock and also adapted to be located in a plurality of unlocking locations relatively to said movable locking members and the shears of which they form elements to permit the movement of said movable locking members relative to said container.

13. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a plurality of revoluble lockin members adapted to form elements of loc ing shears and a tumbler adapted to extend across and lock one or more of such members and thereby to lock the lock and also adapted to be located in a plurality of unlocking locations relatively to said revoluble locking members and the shears of which they form elements to iermit the movement of said movable lock-V ing members relative to said container.

14. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a plurality of movable locking` members operably connected in a train and adapted to form elements of locking shears and a tumbler adapted to extend ac ross and lock one or more of such shears and thereby to lock the lock and also adapted to be located in a plurality of unlocking locations relatively to said movable locking members and the shearsV of which they form elements to permit the movement of said movable locking members relative to said container.

15. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a plurality of movable locking members operably and Hexibly connected in a train and adapted to form elements of locking shears and a tumbler adapted to extend across and lock one or more of such shears and thereby to lock the lock and also adapted to be located in a plurality of unlocking locations rela tively to said movable locking members and the shears of which they form elements to permit the movement of said movable locking members relative to said container.

I6. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a plnraity of revoluble locking members operably connected in a train and adapted to form locking elements of shears and a tumbler adapted to extend across and lock one or more of such shears and thereby to lock the lock and to be located in a plurality of unlokinrlgx locations relatively to said movable loc ng members and the shears of which they form elements.

17. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a plurahty of revoluble locking members operably and flexibly connected in a train and adapted to form locking elements of shears and a tumbler adapted to extend across and lock one or more of such shears and thereby to lock the lock and also adapted to be located in a plurality of unlocking locations relatively to said revoluble locking members and the shears of which they form elements to permit the movement of said movable lockingmembers relative to said container.

18. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, revoluble locking members exterior to one another and adapted to form elements of locking shears, and a tumbler adapted to extend across and lock one or more of such shears and thereby to lock the lock and also adapted to be located in a plurality of unlocking locations relatively to said movable locking membersl and the shears of which they form elements to permit the movement of said movable members relative to said container.

19. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, operably connected revoluble locking members exterior to one another and adapted to form elements of locking shears, and a tumbler adapted to extend across and lock one or more of such shears and thereby to lock the lock and also adapted to be located in a plurality of unlocking locations relatively to said revoluble locking members and the shears of which they form elements to per mit the movement of said movable locking members relative to said container.

20. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, fiexibly operably connected revoluble locking members exterior to one another and adapted to form elements of locking shears, and a tumbler adapted to extend across and lock one or more of such shears and thereby to lock the lock and also adapted to be located in a plurality of unlocking locations relatively to said revolnble locklng members and the shears of which they form elements to permit the movement of said movable locking members relative to said container.

21. A tumbler lock comprising a con tainer adapted to contain locking members, revoluble lookinor members exterior to one another, revolulile at different angular speeds, and adapted to form elements of locking shears, and a tumbler adapted to extend across and lock one or more of such shears and thereby to lock the lock and also adapted to be located in a plurality of unlocking locations relatively to said revoluble locking members and the shears of which they form elements to permit the movement of said movable locking members relative to said container.

2'2. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, flexibly opel-ably connected revoluble locking members exterior to one another, revoluble at different angular speeds, and adapted to form elements .of locking shears, and a tumbler adapted to extend across and lock one or more of such shears and thereby to lock the lock and also adapted to be located in a plurality of unlocking locations relatively to said revoluble locking members and the shears of which they form elements to permit the movement of said movable locking members relative to said container.

23. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a manually-revoluble locking member, a second locking member operably connected therewith, one of said members revoluble at` twice the angular speed of the other, said revoluble members adapted to form element'.= of locking shears, and a tumbler adapted to extend across and lock one or more of such shears and thereby to lock the lock and also adapted to be located in a plurality of uulocking locations relatively to said movable locking members and the shears of which they form elements to permit the movement of said movable locking members relative to said container.

24. A tumbler lock comprising a con tainer adapted to contain locking members, a nuinuallv-revoluble locking member, a secoud revoluble locking member operably connected therewith, one of said members revolable at twice the angular speed of the other, said revoluble members adapted to form elements of locking shears, and a tumbler adapted to extend across and lock one or more of such shears and thereby to lock the lock.

9,5. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a manually-revoluble locking member, a second revoluble locking member to one side thereof, gears connecting said revoluble members, said revoluble members being adapted to form elements of locking shears, and a tumbler adapted to extend across and lock one or more of such shears and thereby to lock the lock. i

26. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a manually-revoluble lockin member, a second revolublc locking mem er to one side thereof, gears connecting said revoluble members, said revoluble members being adapted to form elements of locking shears, and a tumbler adapted to extend across and lock one or more of such shears and thereby to lock the lock and also adapted to be located in a plurality of unlocking locations relatively to said movable locking members and the shears of which they formelements to permit the movement of said movable locking members relative to said container.

27. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a revoluble locking member, a revoluble locking member enveloping the same, a third movable locking member to one side of said enveloping member and operably connected with the first named revoluble member, said members adapted to form elements of locking shears, and a. tumbler adapted to extend across all of such shears and to lock one or more of such shears.

28. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a revoluble locking member, a revoluble locking member enveloping the same, a third revoluble locking member to one side of said enveloping member and operably connected with the first named revoluble member, said revoluble members adapted to form elements of locking shears, and a tumbler adapted to extend across all of such shears and to lock one or more of such shears, and to be located in a plurality of unlocking locations relatively to said revolublc members and the shears of which they form elements.

29. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a revov luble locking member, a revoluble locking member enveloping the same, a third revoluble locking member to one side of said enveloping member and flexibly operably connected with the first named revoluble member, said revoluble members adapted to form elements of locking shears, and a tumbler adapted to extend across all of such shears and to lock one or more of such shears.

30. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a revoluble locking member, a revoluble locking member enveloping the same, a third revoluble locking member to one side of said enveloping member and operably connected with and adapted to rotate at a different angular speed from the first named revo luble member, said revoluble members adapted to form elements of locking shears, and a tumbler adapted to extend across all mation:

of such shears and to lock one orf moreof such shears.

31. A tumbler` lock comprising acontainerf adapted to contain locking members, a' revoluble locking member, a revoluble locking member enveloping the same, a. third revoluble locking member to one side of said enveloping member, gears connecting the first-named and the third revoluble members, said revoluble membels ada ted to form elements of lockingshears, an a tumbler adaptedto extend across all of such shears and to lockone 011 more: of such shears.

A lock comprising a container ada t ed to contain locking members, a= manual yoperable locking member, a locking member opel-ably connected with said-manually operable member, said members adapted to form elements of lockingr shears, a multi-v ple-part tumbler whichA normally extends:

across and locks one of said shears, a mulliple-part tumbler which is normally inacti\e relatively to-said shears, and permuting r sections in said tumblers ada tedl to be changed in their order when t ey' are retracted and the lock is locked and unlocked or viceversa.

A lock comprising a container adapt ed to contain locking members; a first-revo-` luble locking member; a second revoluble locking member to one sideof, parallelwith and operably connected with said first-revoluble member and a pin tumbler intersecting said revoluble members.

34. A lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a first revoluble member, a sleeve envelopin said first revoluble member, a second revo uble locking member to one side of, parallel with and operably connected with said first revoluble member, and a pin tumbler intersecting said revoluble members.

35. A lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a first revoluble member, a sleeve envelopin said first revoluble member, a second revo uble locking member to one side of, parallel with and operably connected with said first revoluble iember, and a pluralit of pin tnmblers intersecting said revolnb e members.

36. A lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a first revo` lnble locking member, a second revoluble locking member to one side of, parallel with and opernbly connected with sald'first revoluble member, a multiple part pin tumbler intersecting said revoluble members, and permuting sections in said tumbler adapted to be set in a plurality of orders by the second-named revoluble member when thel lock is locked and unlocked, or vice-versa.

37. A lock comprising a container and therein a first revoluble member, a second revoluble locking member to one side of and operably connected with saidfirst revoluble member,` a tumbler pocket insaid 'container and operable members and al multiple-part tumbler in said pocket, and sections oi saidl tumbler adapted, when; the lockl i'sope'rated, to be contained within-the' divisions ofi said pocket.-

38. A'- lockcomprising' a" container and therein a first revoluble member, asecond'levoluble locking member' to' one side of! and opel-ably connected with# said rst revoluble member, a tumbler pocket-in saidcontainer andi operable' members and al multiple-part tumbler in said pocket,and'fpermutingsec" tionsin said tumbleradaptedtdform series containable withinsaid secondrevoluble locking member and to'be changed in their order by the rotation thereof,when the'lock is locked and unlocked, and vicesversa.

39. In a pin-tumbler lock, a cylindrical stock,A arevoluble ke57 barrel extending through andi a revoluble combination-transL former' extending` from its backA into saidy stockand operably connected-with said keyv ban-ek a (pin tumbler pocket inl saidstock and exten ing through said transformer and* into-said key barrelyamultiple part'tumbler' in said pocket and permutingl sections of said tumbler adapted toforen series containable within: saidtransformer and tcbe changed in their order by the rotation thexeoff 40.111 a'. pintumbler lockg; a cylindrica1= stock, s revolubleA key barrel extending:

through and a revoluble combination-transformer extending from its back into said stock and operably connected with' said key barrel, a sleeve envelo ing said key barrel and extending into sai -stock,-a pin tumbler pocket insaid stock and extending through said transformer and into said key barrel, a multiple part tumbler in said pocket and permutlng` sections ot said tumbler adaptedI to form series containable withinsaid transe former and to'be changed in their order by thel rotation thereof.

41. In a pin-tumbler lock,a stock, a* revoluble key barrel extending through and a combination-transformer extending fromits back into said stock and operably connected with said ke barrel, asleeve enveloping said key-barrel and extending into said stock, a pin tumbler pocket in said stock and extending through a Wall of said sleeve into said key-barrel and a multiple-part tumbler in said pocket.

42. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a plurality of movable locking members adapted to form elements of locking shears, a multiple-part tumbler including sections thereof adapted to extend across and lock one or more of such shears and thereby to lock the lock and to be located in a plurality of un locking locations relatively to'saidmcvable locking members and the shears of which they form elements, each of the sald shears being passable by a plurality of tumbler incisions.V

43. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain lockingmembers, a plurality of movable locking members adapted to form elements of locking shears, a multiple-part tumbler including sections thereof adapted to extend across and lock one or more of such shears and thereby to lock the lock and to be located in a plurality of unlocking locations relatively to said movable locking members and the shears of which they form elements, each of the said shears being passable by a plurality of tumbler 1ncisions, it being previously determined to have some of the incisions coperate to release the movable members while others will not.

44. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a plurality of movable locking members adapted to form elements of locking shears, a multiple-part tumbler including sections thereof adapted to extend across and lock one or more of such shears and thereby to lock the lock and to be rotated in a plurality of unlocking locations relatively to said movable locking members and the shears oiwhich they form elements, each of the said shears being passable by a plurality of tumbler incisions, it being previously determined to, have some of the incisions coperate to ternporarily release the movable members whileothers will not.

45. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a plurality of movable locking members adapted to form elements of locking shears, a multiple-part tumbler including sections thereof adapted to extend across and lock one or more of such shears and thereby to lock the lock and to be located in a plurality of unlocking locations relatively to said movable locking members and the shears of which they :form elements, each of the said shears being passable by a plurality of tumbler incisions, it being previously determined to have some of the incisions coperatie to release the movable members while others temporarily will not.

46. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a plurality of movable locking members adapted to form elements of locking shears, a plurality of multi le-part tumblers including sections thereo adapted to extend across and lock one or'more of such shears and thereby to lock the lock and to be located in a plurality of unlocking locations relatively to said movable locking members and the shears of which thev form elements, each of the said shears being passable by a plurality of tumbler incisions.

47. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a plurality of movable locking members adapted to form elements of locking shears, a plurality of multipleart tumblers including sections thereof a apted to extendacross and lock one or more of such shears and thereby to lock the lock and to be located in aplurality of unlocking locations relatively to said movable locking members and the shears of which they form elements, each of the said shears being passable by a plurality of tumbler incisions, it being previously determined to have some of the incisions coperate to release the movable members while others will not.

48. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a plurality of movable locking members adapted to form elements of locking shears, a plui rality of multiple-part tumblers including sections thereof adapted to extend across and lock one or more of such shears and thereby to lock the lock and to be located in a plurality of unlocking locations relatively to said movable locking members and the shears of which they form elements, each of the said shears being passable by a. plurality of 'tumbler incisions, it being previously determined to have some of the incisions co operate to temporarily release the movable members while others will not.

49. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a. plurality of movable locking members adapted to form elements of locking shears, a plurality of mutiple-part tumblers including sections thereof adapted to extend across and lock one or more of such shears and thereby to lock the lock and to be located in a plurality of unlocking locations relatively to said movable locking members and the shears being passable by a plurality of tumbler incisons, it being previously determined to have some of the incisions coperate to temporarily release the movable members while others temporarily will not.

50. A tumbler lock comprising a container adapted to contain locking members, a plu rality of movable locking members adapted to form elements of locking shears, a plurality of multiple art tumblers including sections thereof adapted to extend across and lock one or more of such shears and thereby to lock the lock and to be located in a plurality of unlocking locations relatively to said movable locking members and the shears of which they form elements, each of the said shears being passable by a plurality of tumbler incisions, it being previously determined to have some of the incisions coperate to release the movable members while others temporarily will not.

51. A pin-tumbler lock operable and adapted to be set in a plurality of locking combinations by the use of a pluralit of keys and by the proper operation o its tumbler transforming means and comprising a container containing locking members, a key operable member directly operable by a key, a plurality of operable pin-tum blers, and a locking member operably connected with said key operable member; said locking member exteriorly arranged of said key operable member and connected therewith to coperate with said pin tumblers to transform one or more of the said pintumblers previously arranged to be transformed.

A lock comprising a container containing locking members, an operable keybarrel with an operable sleeve mounted thereon, and an operable locking member exteriorly arranged of said operable sleeve with an integral portion of said container therebetween.

53. A lock comprising a container containing locking members, a revoluble locln'ng member and a rockable locking member exterior to one another and adapted to form elements of locking shears, and a plurality of operable pin-tumblers; one or more of said tumblers adapted to extend through the revoluble locking member and the rockable locking member and thereby lock the lock.

54. A lock comprising a container containing locking members, a plurality of locking members of like movement exterior to one another and adapted to form elements of locking shears, and a plurality of operable pin-tumblers; one or more of said tumblers adapted to extend through adjacent locking members and lock one or more of such adjacent locking members relevant to one another and thereby lock the lock.

55. A lock comprising a container containing locking members, a plurality of operable locking members adapted to form elements of locking shears, and a plurality of operable pin-tumblers; one or more of the said n-tumblers adapted to have one or more alse tumbler-incisions pass from one to another of one or more adjacent locking members.

56. A. lock comprising a container containing locking members, a plurality of operable locking members adapted to form elements of locking shears, and a plurality of operable pin-tumblers; one or more of the said pin-tumblers adapted to hae one or more unoperable tumbler-incisions pass from one to another of one or more adjacent locking members.

57. In a pin tumbler lock, a container, a key operable member adapted to be directly operated by a key; said container and said key operable member forming elements of a locking shear, a plurality of operable pin tumblers for locking said container relative to said key operable member, one or more of said pin tumblers having one or more false tumbler incisions passing between said container and said key operable member.

CHARLES F. KOHLBERGER.

Witnesses:

H. D. PENNEY, JOHN Mokms.

Uopies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0.

. lt is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,135,027. granted April I3, 1015` upon the application of Charles F. Kohlberger, of New York, N. Y.. for an improvvment in Pin-Tumbler Locks," errors :appears in the printed speeilirution requiring;

correction as follows: Page 1, line 82, for the word rom rend www; page l2,

line 28, for the word rotated rend located; and that the laid Lettere4 lutr-nt should be read with these corrections therein that the .same may con form to tlwl record of the ease in the Patent Ofiice.

Signed and sealed this 11th day of May, A. D., 1915.

[SEAL] R. F. Wlll'llillEAl),

Acting Commissioner of Pate/ms. 

